Vokabeltexte Chinesisch/ Vokabellektionen/ Lektion 993
Zeichen
Bearbeiten| Zeichen | Pinyin | Übersetzung | Lernhilfen |
|---|---|---|---|
椁 |
guo3 | äußerer Sarg, Gewölbe | wiktionary Etymologie: |
鯉 |
li3 | (traditionelle Schreibweise von 鲤), Karpfen | wiktionary Etymologie: |
噫 |
yi1 | aufstoßen, rülpsen, Ach!, Oh Weh!, Leider! | wiktionary Etymologie: |
佯 |
yang2 | vorgeben, heucheln, täuschen | wiktionary Etymologie: |
郅 |
zhi4 | extrem, überaus, äußerst, höchst | wiktionary Etymologie: |
Zusammengesetzte Wörter
Bearbeiten| Zeichen | Pinyin | Übersetzung |
|---|---|---|
棺椁 |
guan1 guo3 | inner and outer coffins, coffin |
| Zeichen | Pinyin | Übersetzung |
|---|---|---|
鯉魚 |
li3 yu2 | (traditionelle Schreibweise von 鲤鱼), Karpfen (lat: Cyprinus carpio) |
鯉科 |
li3 ke1 | (traditionelle Schreibweise von 鲤科), Karpfenfische |
小鯉魚 |
xiao3 li3 yu2 | (traditionelle Schreibweise von 小鲤鱼), Elritze |
鯉魚旗 |
li3 yu2 qi2 | (traditionelle Schreibweise von 鲤鱼旗), Koi-Nobori |
鯉形目 |
li3 xing2 mu4 | (traditionelle Schreibweise von 鲤形目), Karpfenartige |
鯉科魚 |
li3 ke1 yu2 | (traditionelle Schreibweise von 鲤科鱼), Blei, Brasse |
脂鯉亞目 |
zhi1 li3 ya4 mu4 | (traditionelle Schreibweise von 脂鲤亚目), Salmlerartige, Salmerfische, Salmler (Ordnung der Knochenfische) |
鯉魚打挺 |
li3 yu2 da3 ting3 | (traditionelle Schreibweise von 鲤鱼打挺), Nackenkippe (Übung, bei der man auf dem Rücken liegt und durch Schwingen der Beine aufsteht) |
| Zeichen | Pinyin | Übersetzung |
|---|---|---|
佯攻 |
yang2 gong1 | Ablenkungsmanöver, Finte, Scheinangriff |
双生子佯谬 |
shuang1 sheng1 zi3 yang2 miu4 | Zwillingsparadoxon |
佯装 |
yang2 zhuang1 | to pretend, to pose as |
佯裝 |
yang2 zhuang1 | (traditionelle Schreibweise von 佯装), to pretend, to pose as |
装佯 |
zhuang1 yang2 | affectation |
裝佯 |
zhuang1 yang2 | (traditionelle Schreibweise von 装佯), affectation |
佯狂 |
yang2 kuang2 | to feign madness |
佯言 |
yang2 yan2 | to claim falsely (literary) |
倘佯 |
chang2 yang2 | variant of 徜徉[chang2 yang2] |
| Zeichen | Pinyin | Übersetzung |
|---|---|---|
王治郅 |
wang2 zhi4 zhi4 | Wang Zhizhi |
郅隆 |
zhi4 long2 | prosperous |
臻于郅治 |
zhen1 yu2 zhi4 zhi4 | to attain a state of perfect governance |
臻於郅治 |
zhen1 yu2 zhi4 zhi4 | (traditionelle Schreibweise von 臻于郅治), to attain a state of perfect governance |
Sätze
Bearbeiten| Zeichen | Pinyin | Übersetzung |
|---|---|---|
他佯装这就是他的选择: ... |
ta1 yang2 zhuang1 zhe4 jiu4 shi4 ta1 de5 xuan3 ze2 : ... | Er täuscht vor, das Folgendes seine Wahl war: ... |
Texte
BearbeitenHaenisch: Lehrgang der klassischen chinesischen Schriftsprache
Bearbeiten第十九課
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dì shí jiǔ kè
Neunzehnte Lektion
Diese Lektion findet sich auch in einem alten mongolischen Schulbuch (gefunden auf Sina).
Chí zhōng lǐyú.
Im Teich gibt es Karpfen.
Dàxiǎo bù yī.
Große und Kleine, nicht nur eine Größe.
Dà zhě zhǎng shù chǐ.
Die Großen sind einige Fuß lang.
Xiǎo zhě zhǎng shù cùn.
Die Kleinen sind einige Daumenbreiten lang.
Lektion 133
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信使万人先行出背水陈。
赵军望见而大笑。
平旦，信建大将之旗鼓，
鼓行出井陉口，
赵开壁击之，
大战良久。
信佯弃旗鼓而走
赵果空壁出
争汉旗鼓逐信
信已入水上军，
军皆殊死战，
不可败。
信所出奇兵二千骑，
驰入赵壁，
皆拔赵帜，
立汉赤帜二千。
赵军还
见皆汉赤帜
大惊，
遂乱，
遁走。
汉兵夹击，
大破之
曾子以斯言告于子游。子游曰：“甚哉，有子之言似夫子也。昔者夫子居于宋，见桓司马自为石椁，三年而不成。夫子曰：‘若是其靡也，死不如速朽之愈也。’死之欲速朽，为桓司马言之也。南宫敬叔反，必载宝而朝。夫子曰：‘若是其货也，丧不如速贫之愈也。’丧之欲速贫，为敬叔言之也。” 曾子以子游之言告于有子，有子曰：“然，吾固曰：非夫子之言也。”曾子曰：“子何以知之？”有子曰：“夫子制于中都，四寸之棺，五寸之椁，以斯知不欲速朽也。昔者夫子失鲁司寇，将之荆，盖先之以子夏，又申之以冉有，以斯知不欲速贫也。”
Übersetzung James Legge
Zeng-zi reported You-zi's words to Zi-you, who said, 'How very like his words are to those of the Master! Formerly, when the Master was staying in Song, he saw that Huan, the minister of War, had been for three years having a stone coffin made for himself without its being finished, and said, "What extravagance! It would be better that when dead he should quickly decay away." It was with reference to Hwan, the minister of War, that he said, "We should wish to decay away quickly when we die." When Nan-gong Jing-shu returned (to the state), he made it a point to carry his treasures with him in his carriage when he went to court, on which the Master said, "Such an amount of property! It would have been better for him, when he lost his office, to make haste to become poor." It was with reference to Nan-gong Jing-shu that he said that we should work to become poor quickly, when we have lost office."' Zeng-zi reported these words of Zi-you to You-zi, who said, 'Yes, I did say that these were not the words of the Master.' When the other asked him how he knew it, he said, 'The Master made an ordinance in Zhong-Du that the inner coffin should be four inches thick, and the outer five. By this I knew that he did not wish that the dead should decay away quickly. And formerly, when he had lost the office of minister of Crime in Lu, and was about to go to Jing, he first sent Zi-xia there, and afterwards Ran You. By this, I knew that he did not wish to become poor quickly.'
国子高曰：“葬也者，藏也；藏也者，欲人之弗得见也。是故，衣足以饰身，棺周于衣，椁周于棺，土周于椁；反壤树之哉。”
Übersetzung James Legge
Guo-zi gao said, 'Burying means hiding away; and that hiding (of the body) is from a wish that men should not see it. Hence there are the clothes sufficient for an elegant covering; the coffin all round about the clothes; the shell all round about the coffin; and the earth all round about the shell. And shall we farther raise a mound over the grave and plant it with trees?'
天子崩，三日祝先服，五日官长服，七日国中男女服，三月天下服。虞人致百祀之木，可以为棺椁者斩之；不至者，废其祀，刎其人。
Übersetzung James Legge
When the son of Heaven died, three days afterwards, the officers of prayer were the first to assume mourning. In five days the heads of official departments did so; in seven days both males and females throughout the royal domain; and in three months all in the kingdom. The foresters examined the trees about the various altars, and cut down those which they thought suitable for the coffins and shell, If these did not come up to what was required, the sacrifices were abolished, and the men had their throats cut.
国昭子之母死，问于子张曰：“葬及墓，男子、妇人安位？”子张曰：“司徒敬子之丧，夫子相，男子西乡，妇人东乡。”曰：“噫！毋。”曰：“我丧也斯沾。尔专之，宾为宾焉，主为主焉，妇人从男子皆西乡。”
Übersetzung James Legge
On the death of the mother of Guo Zhao-zi, he asked Zi-zhang, saying, 'At the interment, when (all) are at the grave, what should be the places of the men and of the women?' Zi-zhang said, 'At the mourning rites for Si-tu Jing-zi, when the Master directed the ceremonies, the men stood with their faces to the west and the women stood with theirs to the east.' 'Ah!' said the other, 'that will not do;' adding, 'All will be here to see these mourning rites of mine. Do you take the sole charge of them. Let the guests be the guests, while I (alone) act as the host. Let the women take their places behind the men, and all have their faces towards the west.'
季康子之母死，公输若方小，敛，般请以机封，将从之，公肩假曰：“不可！夫鲁有初，公室视丰碑，三家视桓楹。般，尔以人之母尝巧，则岂不得以？其母以尝巧者乎？则病者乎？噫！”弗果从。
Übersetzung James Legge
When the mother of Ji Kang-zi died, Gong-shu Ruo was still young. After the dressing, Ban asked leave to let the coffin down into the grave by a mechanical contrivance. They were about to accede, when Gong-jian Jia said, 'No. According to the early practice in Lu, the ducal house used (for this purpose) the arrangement looking like large stone pillars, and the three families that like large wooden columns. Ban, you would, in the case of another man's mother, make trial of your ingenuity - could you not in the case of your own mother do so? Would that distress you? Bah!' They did not allow him to carry out his plan.
有以大为贵者：宫室之量，器皿之度，棺椁之厚，丘封之大。此以大为贵也。
Übersetzung James Legge
In others, greatness of size formed the mark. The dimensions of palaces and apartments; the measurements of dishes and (other) articles; the thickness of the inner and outer coffins; the greatness of eminences and mounds - these were cases in which the greatness of size was the mark.
或曰：“孔子之道，不可小与？”曰：“小则败圣，如何！”曰：“若是则何为去乎？”曰：“爱日。”曰：“爱日而去，何也？”曰：“由群谋之故也。不听正，谏而不用。噫者，吾于观庸邪，无为饱食安坐而厌观也。由此观之，夫子之日亦爱矣。”或曰：“君子爱日乎？”曰：“君子仕则欲行其义，居则欲彰其道。事不厌，教不倦，焉得日？”
Englische Übersetzung siehe ctext.org
或曰："孔子之道，不可小與？" 曰："小則敗聖，如何！" 曰："若是則何為去乎？" 曰："愛日。" 曰："愛日而去，何也？" 曰："由群謀之故也。不聽正，諫而不用。噫者，吾於觀庸邪，無為飽食安坐而厭觀也。由此觀之，夫子之日亦愛矣。" 或曰："君子愛日乎？" 曰："君子仕則欲行其義，居則欲彰其道。事不厭，教不倦，焉得日？"
Englische Übersetzung siehe ctext.org
Analekte 論語 先進
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Text
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Richard Wilhelm
BearbeitenDer Freiherr Gi Kang fragte, wer unter den Jüngern das Lernen liebe. Meister Kung entgegnete und sprach: »Da war Yen Hui, der liebte das Lernen. Zum Unglück war seine Zeit kurz, und er ist gestorben. Jetzt gibt es keinen mehr.«
Als Yen Yüan gestorben war, bat Yen Lu um des Meisters Wagen, um dafür einen Sarkophag zu beschaffen. Der Meister sprach: »Begabt oder unbegabt: jedem steht doch sein Sohn am nächsten. Als (mein Sohn) Li starb, hatte er einen Sarg, aber keinen Sarkophag; ich kann nicht zu Fuß gehen, um einen Sarkophag zu kaufen. Nachdem ich ein öffentliches Amt bekleidet habe, geht es nicht an, daß ich zu Fuß gehe.« Yen Lu ist der Vater von Yen Hui (Yen Yüan) und war ebenfalls Kungs Schüler. Da die Familie zu arm war, um einen Doppelsarg, wie er zu einem Begräbnis ersten Rangs gehörte, kaufen zu können, stellt er das obige Ansinnen an Kung. Kung war prinzipiell gegen jeden Beerdigungsluxus (vgl. IX, 2 und XI, 10), deshalb auch diese Ablehnung.
Als Yen Yüan starb, sprach der Meister: »Wehe, Gott verläßt mich, Gott verläßt mich.«
James Legge
BearbeitenJi Kang asked which of the disciples loved to learn. Confucius replied to him, "There was Yen Hui; he loved to learn. Unfortunately his appointed time was short, and he died. Now there is no one who loves to learn, as he did."
When Yan Yuan died, Yan Lu begged the carriage of the Master to sell and get an outer shell for his son's coffin. The Master said, "Whether he has talents or has not talents, everyone calls his son his son. There was Li; when he died, he had a coffin but no outer shell. I would not walk on foot to get a shell for him, because, having followed in the rear of the great officers, it was not proper that I should walk on foot."
When Yan Yuan died, the Master said, "Alas! Heaven is destroying me! Heaven is destroying me!"
汉朝
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