Awk: Anwendungsbeispiele
Beispiel 1
BearbeitenLogdateien sollen ausgewertet werden. Nachfolgend ein Auszug aus einer solchen Logdatei
11 November 2005 [MESSAGE] Hallo dies ist eine Message [/MESSAGE] 11 November 2005 Irgendwas 1 11 November 2005 Irgendwas 2 12 November 2005 [MESSAGE] Warnung! Defekt 1 droht [/MESSAGE] 12 November 2005 [MESSAGE] ALARM! Defekt 1 aufgetreten [/MESSAGE] 13 November 2005 Irgendwas 3 14 November 2005 [MESSAGE] Hallo [/MESSAGE] 15 November 2005 Irgendwas 4 15 November 2005 Irgendwas 5 16 November 2005 [MESSAGE] Warnung! Streik [/MESSAGE]
Aus diesen Logdateien werden die Meldungen zwischen [MESSAGE] und [/MESSAGE] in eine HTML-Datei ausgegeben. Das sieht im Konqueror folgendermaßen aus:
awk-Skript:
#!/usr/bin/awk -f
BEGIN {
flag=0
# HTML-Header
print "<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN\" \"http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd\">"
print "<html>"
print "<head>"
print "</head>"
print "<body>"
print "<h2>Auswertung von " ARGV[1] "</h2>"
}
END {
# HTML-ENDE
print "</body>"
print "</html>"
}
$4=="[MESSAGE]" {flag=1; color="black"}
$5=="Warnung!" {color="green"}
$5=="ALARM!" {color="red"}
{
if(flag==1)
{
var = "<font color=\"" color "\">" $1 " " $2 " " $3 ": "
for(i=5; i<NF; i++)
var = var " " $i
print var " </font><br />"
flag=0
}
}
Beispiel 2
BearbeitenDieses Beispiel wurde unverändert von en.wikibooks.org/wiki/AWK [1] übernommen.
- Lizenz: GFDL
- Autor: Andrew M. Ross (Harvey Mudd College Department of Computer Science)
- Wikibooks-Import und -Adaptierung: BenFrantzDale, Geocachernemesis
- Stand: 09:20, 4 June 2005
# This awk program collects statistics on two
# "random variables" and the relationships
# between them. It looks only at fields 1 and
# 2 by default Define the variables F and G
# on the command line to force it to look at
# different fields. For example:
# awk -f stat_2o1.awk F=2 G=3 stuff.dat \
# F=3 G=5 otherstuff.dat
# or, from standard input:
# awk -f stat_2o1.awk F=1 G=3
# It ignores blank lines, lines where either
# one of the requested fields is empty, and
# lines whose first field contains a number
# sign. It requires only one pass through the
# data. This script works with vanilla awk
# under SunOS 4.1.3.
BEGIN{
F=1;
G=2;
}
length($F) > 0 && \
length($G) > 0 && \
$1 !~/^#/ {
sx1+= $F; sx2 += $F*$F;
sy1+= $G; sy2 += $G*$G;
sxy1+= $F*$G;
if( N==0 ) xmax = xmin = $F;
if( xmin > $F ) xmin=$F;
if( xmax < $F ) xmax=$F;
if( N==0 ) ymax = ymin = $G;
if( ymin > $G ) ymin=$G;
if( ymax < $G ) ymax=$G;
N++;
}
END {
printf("%d # N\n" ,N );
if (N <= 1)
{
printf("What's the point?\n");
exit 1;
}
printf("%g # xmin\n",xmin);
printf("%g # xmax\n",xmax);
printf("%g # xmean\n",xmean=sx1/N);
xSigma = sx2 - 2 * xmean * sx1+ N*xmean*xmean;
printf("%g # xvar\n" ,xvar =xSigma/ N );
printf("%g # xvar unbiased\n",xvaru=xSigma/(N-1));
printf("%g # xstddev\n" ,sqrt(xvar ));
printf("%g # xstddev unbiased\n",sqrt(xvaru));
printf("%g # ymin\n",ymin);
printf("%g # ymax\n",ymax);
printf("%g # ymean\n",ymean=sy1/N);
ySigma = sy2 - 2 * ymean * sy1+ N*ymean*ymean;
printf("%g # yvar\n" ,yvar =ySigma/ N );
printf("%g # yvar unbiased\n",yvaru=ySigma/(N-1));
printf("%g # ystddev\n" ,sqrt(yvar ));
printf("%g # ystddev unbiased\n",sqrt(yvaru));
if ( xSigma * ySigma <= 0 )
r=0;
else
r=(sxy1 - xmean*sy1- ymean * sx1+ N * xmean * ymean)
/sqrt(xSigma * ySigma);
printf("%g # correlation coefficient\n", r);
if( r > 1 || r < -1 )
printf("SERIOUS ERROR! CORRELATION COEFFICIENT");
printf(" OUTSIDE RANGE -1..1\n");
if( 1-r*r != 0 )
printf("%g # Student's T (use with N-2 degfreed)\n&", \
t=r*sqrt((N-2)/(1-r*r)) );
else
printf("0 # Correlation is perfect,");
printf(" Student's T is plus infinity\n");
b = (sxy1 - ymean * sx1)/(sx2 - xmean * sx1);
a = ymean - b * xmean;
ss=sy2 - 2*a*sy1- 2*b*sxy1 + N*a*a + 2*a*b*sx1+ b*b*sx2 ;
ss/= N-2;
printf("%g # a = y-intercept\n", a);
printf("%g # b = slope\n" , b);
printf("%g # s^2 = unbiased estimator for sigsq\n",ss);
printf("%g + %g * x # equation ready for cut-and-paste\n",a,b);
ra = sqrt(ss * sx2 / (N * xSigma));
rb = sqrt(ss / ( xSigma));
printf("%g # radius of confidence interval ");
printf("for a, multiply by t\n",ra);
printf("%g # radius of confidence interval ");
printf("for b, multiply by t\n",rb);
}